Ceacht 3

Thank you to all who sent me homework.  Got some very interesting examples of “Tá sé folamh.” from cats dishes, roads, boxes, to cups of tea!

Foghlaim
The first section deals with the Verbal adjective (an Aidiacht Bhriathartha) which describes the state of something "resulting from an action” e.g.” The door is closed.”

Before we start this session, I would like to mention a phrase “Broad with broad and slender with slender”. 

A consonant (an letter not a,e,i,o,u) can be regarded as slender or broad.  If the consonant has either of the vowels i or e either side of it, it is regarded as a slender consonant.   
If the consonant has either of the 3 other vowels (a,o,u,) either side of it, it is referred to as a broad consonant.

Please look at the list below under Root of Verb.
Look at the last consonant.
(1) e.g. n in the word Dún
This is a broad consonant because u is in front of it.

(2) l in the word Oscail
This is a slender consonant because it has i in front of it.

When we are putting new endings on to the root of the verb we try to keep “Broad with broad and slender with slender”. 

If we look at the ending of the verbal adjective it will follow this rule.

Now please look at the list under Verbal Adjective
ta is added to dún while
te is added to caill

Do you know why?

There are different rules depending on the root of the verb but for now it is enough to learn “broad with broad and slender with slender”. “Leathan le leathan agus caol le caol”.  

This rule goes right though many of the rules of Irish grammar.  If you understand that, you will have learnt a lot.

Formation of verbal adjective from root of verb
Root of Verb		Verbal Adjective

Dún (close)		dúnta (closed)
Oscail (open) 		oscailte (open)
Stróic (tear)		stróichte (torn)
Caill (lose) 		caillte (lost)
Caith (wear)		caite (worn)
Déan (do, make)	déanta (done, made)
Scríobh (write)	scríofa (written)
Críochnaigh (finish)	críochnaithe (finished)
Imigh (go away)	imithe (gone away)

The right hand section of Foghlaim contains 10 new nouns (ainmfhocail)
Please repeat the word out loud while listening to the audio files.

You can also test yourself by doing the crossword at  http://irish.rownw.com/xwds/l3.html

Instructions for doing the crossword are at http://irish.rownw.com/xwds/home.html

You can test yourself on  http://spicyirish.com/PI03/html and see if you get the answers correct.

Léigh
The construction of the sentences is the same as the first two chapters, the verb being first. 

Freagair
Here you are asking questions what (Cad) and who (Cé) and using the verbal adjective.

Note: Additional PII learning resources for this course are available at: 
www.gaeilge-resources.eu

Homework (Obair Bhaile)
(1)Please let me know if you understand “broad with broad and slender with slender”. There will be several more examples as we go along.

(2)
Please look at the new nouns (ainmfhocail) in the Foghlaim section
Can you guess the gender of the nouns?
An fhuinneog,
An t-airgead
An obair.
Please refer to last lesson to see table in order to compare the nouns.
Just let me know if you guessed correctly. You can find out if you are correct by going to www.focal.ie 

(3)
Please translate Cuir Gaeilge air seo and
 (4) 
If possible, make up your own combinations of the words and 
send to me. 
Please send any comments or questions to the group message board. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/philoprogress1-15b/

Slán go fóill
Máire